A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, baturan lithium-ion sun fito a matsayin fasaha mai mahimmanci a cikin sauyi zuwa hanyoyin makamashi masu sabuntawa da motocin lantarki (EVs). Bukatar batura masu inganci da araha ya haifar da gagarumin ci gaba a fagen. A wannan shekara, masana sun yi hasashen ci gaba da yawa waɗanda za su iya canza ƙarfin batir lithium-ion.
Wani sanannen ci gaba da za a sa ido a kai shi ne haɓaka batura masu ƙarfi. Ba kamar baturan lithium-ion na gargajiya waɗanda ke amfani da ruwa masu amfani da lantarki ba, batura masu ƙarfi suna amfani da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi ko yumbu azaman electrolytes. Wannan ƙirƙira ba wai tana ƙara yawan kuzari ba ne kawai, mai yuwuwar faɗaɗa kewayon EVs, amma kuma yana rage lokacin caji kuma yana haɓaka aminci ta hanyar rage haɗarin wuta. Fitattun kamfanoni kamar Quantumscape suna mai da hankali kan batir lithium-karfe masu ƙarfi, da nufin haɗa su cikin motoci tun farkon 2025[1].
Duk da yake batura masu ƙarfi suna ɗaukar babban alkawari, masu bincike kuma suna bincika madadin sinadarai don magance damuwa game da samuwar mahimman kayan baturi kamar cobalt da lithium. Neman mai rahusa, ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu dorewa na ci gaba da haifar da ƙima. Bugu da ƙari, cibiyoyin ilimi da kamfanoni a duk duniya suna aiki tuƙuru don haɓaka aikin baturi, haɓaka ƙarfin aiki, haɓaka saurin caji, da rage farashin masana'anta[1].
Ƙoƙarin inganta batirin lithium-ion ya wuce motocin lantarki. Waɗannan batura suna nemo aikace-aikace a cikin ma'ajin wutar lantarki na matakin grid, suna ba da damar ingantacciyar haɗin kai na tushen wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa kamar hasken rana da makamashin iska. Ta hanyar yin amfani da batir lithium-ion don ajiyar grid, kwanciyar hankali da amincin tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa suna inganta sosai[1].
A cikin ci gaba na baya-bayan nan, masana kimiyya a Laboratory National Lawrence Berkeley sun haɓaka murfin polymer mai ɗaukar hoto wanda aka sani da HOS-PFM. Wannan shafi yana ba da damar ɗorewa, mafi ƙarfi batir lithium-ion don motocin lantarki. HOS-PFM a lokaci guda yana gudanar da duka electrons da ions, haɓaka kwanciyar hankalin baturi, ƙimar caji/fitarwa, da tsawon rayuwa gabaɗaya. Hakanan yana aiki azaman manne, mai yuwuwar tsawaita matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar batirin lithium-ion daga shekaru 10 zuwa 15. Bugu da ƙari kuma, murfin ya nuna aikin na musamman lokacin da aka yi amfani da siliki da na'urorin lantarki na aluminum, yana rage lalata su da kuma kula da babban ƙarfin baturi fiye da hawan keke. Wadannan binciken sun yi alkawarin kara yawan kuzarin batir lithium-ion sosai, wanda zai sa su zama masu araha da sauki ga motocin lantarki[3].
Yayin da duniya ke ƙoƙarin rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata muhalli da sauye-sauye zuwa makoma mai dorewa, ci gaban fasahar baturi na lithium-ion na taka muhimmiyar rawa. Ƙoƙarin bincike da ci gaba na ci gaba suna ciyar da masana'antu gaba, yana kawo mu kusa da mafi inganci, mai araha, da hanyoyin magance baturi. Tare da nasarorin da aka samu a cikin batura masu ƙarfi, madadin sinadarai, da sutura kamar HOS-PFM, yuwuwar ɗaukar manyan motocin lantarki da ma'ajin makamashi na matakin grid yana ƙara yuwuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-25-2023
