Ibintu bitatu byingenzi bikenerwa na batiri yo kubika ingufu, umutekano ningenzi cyane
Kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi bifatwa nkuburyo nyamukuru bwo kubika ingufu muri sisitemu y’amashanyarazi azaza, bateri na PCS nigiciro kinini nimbogamizi murwego rwinganda, icyifuzo cyibanze kiri mumutekano muke, kuramba no kugiciro gito. Muri byo, umutekano ni urufunguzo. Bamwe mu bahanga mu nganda bavuze ko, ubu uruganda rukora ingufu z’amashanyarazi rutera imbere mu buryo bwihuse, ariko ikibazo cy’umutekano ni imbogamizi y’iterambere ryarwo rinini, uruganda rukora ingufu za Beijing hamwe n’umushinga wo kubika ingufu za Tesla Ositaraliya no guturika no mu nganda zibika ingufu yavugije induru.
Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, Igitekerezo kiyobora mu kwihutisha iterambere ry’ububiko bushya bw’ingufu gishyiraho ishyirwaho ry’amahame y’ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano n’imicungire y’imicungire, gushimangira imicungire y’umutekano w’umuriro, kubahiriza byimazeyo umurongo w’umutekano nk’ihame shingiro; mumutekano muke, igiciro gito, kwizerwa cyane, kuramba nibindi bice byiterambere rirerire; gushimangira umutekano wubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga bwo kubika amashanyarazi nibindi. Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu kugira ngo gitegure gutegura "Ingamba z’agateganyo zo gucunga neza ibigega by’ingufu z’amashanyarazi (Draft)", na byo byabaye ku ya 24 Kanama abaturage kugira ngo bagire inama rusange, mu rwego rwo gushimangira ubuyobozi umutekano wo kubika ingufu.
Umutekano mwinshi, kuramba, nikel-icyuma hydride ya batiri agaciro kamuranga
Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zitwara ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa ryerekana ko nikel-icyuma cya hydride amashanyarazi y’umutekano mwinshi, ubuzima bwigihe kirekire, electrode nziza ikozwe mu bice bya nikel, ibikoresho bibi bya electrode bikora bishyigikiwe n’ububiko bwa hydrogène, ni ibintu bifatika, amazi ya electrolyte afite ibyiza flame retardant imitungo, ntizaturika no gutwika impanuka, ingufu za bateri monomer zingana na 140wh / kg; ubuzima bwizunguruka bugera ku 3.000, kwishyuza buke no gusohora ukwezi kwa leta inshuro 10,000 cyangwa zirenga; irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro zirenga 10,000; irashobora gukoreshwa inshuro zirenga 10,000. Inshuro zirenga 10,000; irashobora kugumana umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwishyuza no gusohora muri -40 ° C ~ 60 ° C. Toyota HEV imodoka yagurishijwe kwisi yose imaze kugera kuri miliyoni zirenga 18, kandi ifite ibikoresho byinshi bya bateri ya hydride ya nikel, nta kibazo na kimwe cyigeze kibera impanuka zo gutwika bateri, umutekano muke wa batiri wagenzuwe neza.
Byongeye kandi, kwishyuza bateri no gusohora ni uguhindura ingufu za chimique ningufu zamashanyarazi, ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumyitwarire yimiti. Amashanyarazi yo kubika ingufu ahanini ni hanze, ubwoko bwinshi bwa bateri bwibasiwe nibidukikije nubushyuhe, bigabanya aho amashanyarazi akorera kandi bigabanya uruhare rwo kubika ingufu. Bateri ya Nickel-icyuma cya hydride mu bushyuhe buke cyane n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane kandi ikanasohora neza, ku buryo ikibuga cy’ingufu zibika ingufu cyoroha, cyoroshye, imikorere myiza muri rusange, kikaba cyaragize uruhare mu irushanwa ry’inzira zitandukanye z’ikoranabuhanga rya batiri. " wongeyeho amanota ".
Mubyukuri, bateri ya nikel-icyuma hydride mububiko bwingufu zo kubika isoko byabaye intangarugero. 2020, nikel-icyuma cya hydride ya batiri isosiyete ibika ingufu za Nilar na Banki yishoramari yu Burayi ishoramari miliyoni 47 zama euro. Byumvikane ko Nilar yibanda ku kongera amashanyarazi ashobora kongera ingufu hamwe no guhunika, ingufu zihagaze hamwe n’imodoka zishyuza amashanyarazi, ishoramari ni uguteza imbere isosiyete izinjizwa muri bateri yo guturamo, iy'ubucuruzi n’inganda na gride nini cyangwa sisitemu y’ibikorwa remezo . Nk’uko byatangajwe na Frontiers muri Polymer Science, itsinda rya Porofeseri Yi Cui muri kaminuza ya Stanford ryashyizeho bateri ya nikel-icyuma cyitwa hydride (Ni-MH) ikoreshwa n’ingufu nini zishobora kuvugururwa no kubikoresha, hamwe n’inyungu z’ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, nta ngaruka zo kubaho umuriro cyangwa guhunga ubushyuhe, nta mpamvu yo kubungabunga bisanzwe, imyitwarire myiza yubushyuhe buke, nigiciro gito. Ikipe ya Cui izubaka igice cyicyitegererezo gifite ububiko bwa megawatt 2 muri 2021, kandi irateganya kwagura ubushobozi bwikubye inshuro 20 ayo 2022.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2023
