Isifundo sokuqhathanisa: Amabhethri e-Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) vs. 18650 Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) - Ukuhlola Izinzuzo Nezingozi

Isingeniso:
Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe bebhethri obushajwa kabusha, amabhethri e-Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) kanye ne-18650 Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) ami njengezinketho ezimbili ezivelele, ngalinye linikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele kanye nezithiyo ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwawo amakhemikhali kanye nomklamo. Le athikili ihlose ukunikeza ukuqhathanisa okuphelele phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zamabhethri, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwazo, ukuqina, ukuphepha, umthelela wendawo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusiza abasebenzisi ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi.

**Ukusebenza kanye Nokuminyana kwamandla:**
**Amabhethri e-NiMH:**
**Izinzuzo:** Ngokomlando, amabhethri e-NiMH anikeze amandla aphezulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili zokushajwa kabusha, okuwenza akwazi ukunika amandla amadivayisi isikhathi eside. Abonisa izilinganiso eziphansi zokuzikhipha ngokwawo uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-NiCd amadala, okuwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ibhethri lingase lingasetshenziswa khona izikhathi.
**Ibubi:** Nokho, amabhethri e-NiMH anomthamo wamandla ophansi kunamabhethri e-Li-ion, okusho ukuthi makhulu futhi asindayo ngokukhipha amandla okufanayo. Baphinde bathole ukwehla okubonakalayo kwe-voltage ngesikhathi sokuphuma, okungathinta ukusebenza kumadivayisi akhipha amanzi amaningi.

**18650 Amabhethri e-Li-ion:**
**Okuhle:** Ibhethri le-18650 Li-ion liziqhayisa ngokuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu kakhulu, okuhumushela kusici sefomu esincane nelula samandla alinganayo. Bagcina i-voltage engaguquguquki kakhulu kuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokukhipha, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kuze kube yilapho sekucishe kwaphela.
  
**Ububi:** Yize enikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu, amabhethri e-Li-ion athambekele kakhulu ekuzikhipheni ngokushesha uma engasebenzi, adinga ukushajwa kaningi ukuze agcine elungile.

**Ukuqina kanye Nempilo Yomjikelezo:**
**Amabhethri e-NiMH:**
**Okuhle:** Lawa mabhethri angakwazi ukumelana nenani elikhulu lemijikelezo yokushajwa ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi afinyelele imijikelezo engu-500 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngamaphethini okusetshenziswa.
**Ibubi:** Amabhethri e-NiMH ahlushwa umphumela wenkumbulo, lapho ukushajwa okungaphelele kungaholela ekuncishisweni komthamo omkhulu uma kwenziwa ngokuphindaphindiwe.

**18650 Amabhethri e-Li-ion:**
-**Okuhle:** Ubuchwepheshe be-Li-ion obuthuthukisiwe buye banciphisa inkinga yomphumela wenkumbulo, okuvumela amaphethini wokushaja aguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokufaka amandla.
**Ibubi:** Naphezu kwentuthuko, amabhethri e-Li-ion ngokuvamile anenani elilinganiselwe lemijikelezo (cishe imijikelezo engu-300 ukuya kwangu-500), ngemva kwalokho amandla awo ehla ngokuphawulekayo.
**Ukuphepha kanye Nomphumela Wemvelo:**
**Amabhethri e-NiMH:**
**Izinzuzo:** Amabhethri e-NiMH athathwa njengephephile ngenxa yekhemistri yawo eguquguquka kancane, ethula ingozi ephansi yomlilo kanye nokuqhuma uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Li-ion.
**Ububi:** Aqukethe i-nickel nezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo, ezidinga ukulahlwa ngokucophelela kanye nokugaywa kabusha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

**18650 Amabhethri e-Li-ion:**
**Okuhle:** Amabhethri esimanje e-Li-ion afakwe izindlela zokuphepha eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi, njengokuvikelwa kokubaleka kwe-thermal.
**Ibubi:** Ukuba khona kwama-electrolyte avuthayo kumabhethri e-Li-ion kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokulimala ngokomzimba noma ukusetshenziswa okungafanele.
 
**Izinhlelo zokusebenza:**
Amabhethri e-NiMH athola umusa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho umthamo ophezulu nokuphepha kubekwa kuqala kunesisindo nosayizi, njengakumalambu asengadini anamandla elanga, izinto zikagesi zasendlini ezingenazintambo, nezinye izimoto eziyingxubevange. Ngaleso sikhathi, amabhethri e-Li-ion angu-18650 abusa kumadivayisi asebenza kahle kakhulu njengamakhompyutha aphathekayo, omakhalekhukhwini, izimoto zikagesi, namathuluzi wamandla wezinga lochwepheshe ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo okuphezulu kanye nokuphuma kwamandla kagesi okuzinzile.
 
Isiphetho:
Ekugcineni, ukukhetha phakathi kwamabhethri e-NiMH ne-18650 Li-ion kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Amabhethri e-NiMH ahamba phambili ngokuphepha, ukuqina, nokufaneleka kumadivayisi adingeka kancane, kuyilapho amabhethri e-Li-ion enikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukusebenza, kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidla amandla. Ukucatshangelwa izici ezifana nezidingo zokusebenza, ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha, umthelela wendawo, nezimfuneko zokulahlwa kubalulekile ekunqumeni ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obufanele kakhulu kunoma isiphi isimo sokusetshenziswa.